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. g y5 r, e; f/ ~ 原标题:如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害,看看智利交出的答卷! & B8 x+ @( w+ ]! O) D8 }) S: v
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$ }; ]1 Q3 N$ F q7 F A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships.
: p8 @- Z. b- o5 ?0 b, ? 智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置,该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据,以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。
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The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. " e3 V. \; n1 z' g3 X- q
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。 0 E- N7 [5 ]! y* P# |4 C& Y
The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other. 5 \, U0 ]6 o+ y% D# L, c% g* Z& [
该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。
: j1 q+ r. y7 h% M; u The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt.
3 y: \6 B, P7 t6 [ 这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图,并进行狩猎。 ! B& c8 M5 V# g6 j6 k
The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are.
+ a( D7 z V* o" I9 q 这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理,以努力确定动物的位置。
. w( o( A8 U) c4 A This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales. ) ^' u2 s; z: j, f8 y6 V6 r
这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商,以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。 , I( Q) a/ F0 u6 d0 @7 z
A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place. " M" y' E7 t/ x' T3 A1 v
该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。 2 p6 f" H7 D: f4 |' O: Q; w$ M. `& X
The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies. - c2 U: l" I& _% w: V- {" `
该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具,为航运公司提供预警系统。
8 {1 k5 y" K- a4 v. f% o In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change.
0 V4 w5 d3 A6 Q( o% ]- B+ A$ I 除了帮助保护鲸鱼,“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。 ~( @) H& ]; l( ]6 T
The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator. 8 A9 {4 k3 l5 j2 i$ g- v/ N% r
该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。
5 P B6 L0 P8 m" F$ E2 l1 h The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales.
" f. ?2 i5 o6 l 科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富,包括大量的蓝鲸,以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。
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All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
# r, S$ ?, P y' E& j- H 根据《濒危物种法》,所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。 - g8 J# ~( X: K5 r/ P7 D0 I' v
The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere. 0 @. }7 ?" ^8 X1 i4 Y
该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。
1 r# N" `) O2 X- `5 p In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes.
2 @7 u t& p {+ d7 z6 \: U% h 2008年,智利禁止捕鲸活动,包括用于科学目的捕鲸。 # T8 d6 B. Z5 ~. I! i/ F. j
The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species. , |; V; ^8 r, b9 y7 V- a3 `! d h
该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。 $ m4 ?& `: Y, z+ I# C: ~
"This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative. 9 T ^* I. ?" a: Z! e' |2 f
“这是一条更漫长道路的开始,”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。 8 ?5 @& M g; ^& f( t+ j. P# m
She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys.
: b9 l/ J2 {/ p$ B, s' P( R2 s$ D) h2 W1 _ 她指出,她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。 0 ~, T! r3 _) Z1 Z" l5 y5 a
"The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
) _( i8 q5 S/ s “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。
2 I# J9 Y, n% I7 u* t, N: m7 k The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO).
% p( P9 P' ]& Q$ h8 C1 f 该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。
% d& j- c$ f3 \$ c1 c6 q The device continuously monitors ocean sounds. $ |- H3 y n$ y; k! g6 _
该设备持续监测海洋声音。 7 O) n: N* s" I% f* b+ Z$ h% |
It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time.
, p1 Y7 _1 M; C0 d2 I3 d- a( n 它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。 2 H; c6 F D* `% m! g6 p
It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes.
3 h$ e/ y6 C0 h# x9 A$ m 然后它会向附近的船只发送信息,这样他们就可以降低噪音水平,尽量避免碰撞。
& s9 ~( \" V6 R5 a. u7 s0 t The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change.
6 ^" l! e! B6 c1 [. `$ z9 B' C/ h 浮标还包含传感器,用来测量水温、氧气水平等,以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。
8 q5 ^# D6 I4 g3 y! u1 B/ ]. | That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies. 4 ]# `7 G0 ^: B4 p1 s5 z% ^
这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。
$ u8 O3 ?% n! v m g! W$ g In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast. : |8 W& @ i7 N& N
在美国,科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。
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2 ?1 s/ |, G4 H U That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales.
' I& T, p3 }+ o" @8 |0 X 这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。
, e# |% F) O; t& m3 O; {( K 2022年第11期招生刚刚结束,部分班级还可以插班,详情请点击:招生简章|"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天!
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