正参考的20分钟科学报告提纲：
0 C: e3 ?& w" s3 ?, k 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)* x/ E8 G0 h8 }
2. Forecast (1 slide)： Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)+ r! J/ I: u$ `+ l+ j( @7 s2 h3 s5 h- F
3. Outline (1 slide)： Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)+ T; ^: k# T6 k- x
4. Background) h: G8 y& z8 ]6 i6 D3 h7 G2 x$ u3 C- J
4-1. Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides)：(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.), d4 x9 X% k8 F/ ^5 f# c- Y
4-2. Related Work (0-1 slides)： Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper. w7 U* U- e3 Z
4-3. Methods (1 slide)： Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper.) H- X9 i( A$ Q9 G, A! [& [
5. Results (4-6 slides)： Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)0 g& k9 b1 y3 M- w
6. Summary (1 slide)
. _0 ?( o6 H/ R' x! H: @! D 7. Future Work (0-1 slides)：Optionally give problems this research opens up.
' {4 U3 Y7 q" j q2 P 8. Backup Slides (0-3 slides): Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.)
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( J+ F/ g! L% m* D简洁版： 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
; `) R' m) H& }4 v; s |5 U 2. Motivation (1 slide)* k" C( Z0 l8 E* @
3. Background (1 slide)
2 u: J# Z$ D& b6 w 4. Hypothesis (1 slide) a9 x/ t. u" T% M6 f8 e
5. Results (8 slides): B& C2 G& M. e& o
6. Conclusion (1 slide). @/ T# g8 n @5 X3 {8 X
7. Future Work (1 slide)( `3 _% q: b! W S8 Q+ {- d
8. Acknowledgements (1slide): r. K! T- F; P h
9. Backup Slides
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# x$ F$ b- M- @- ~举个例子：' K$ t4 Y6 P$ h6 `0 Z2 M
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（1）原则
0 d* e0 K1 C9 c) u# e首先，引用 A PhD is not enough 中的话：
" p0 J: |/ U/ Q3 Y4 y. v# x: m- iAs the speaker you are putting on a one-man show. Your listeners are investigating an hour of their valuable time... They expect to hear a good story, with a beginning, a middle and an end...
: t) v( _ N0 d... Never over-estimate your audience...( M) z5 ^/ w* d. I2 v0 n
是的，要讲一个“故事”，因为大家都喜欢听故事，无厘头在这里就不靠谱了。而且要尽量讲得简单易懂，化繁为简，林老师也说“如果学术报告能够让老妈也能听懂，就是成功”（据说是 Don Forsyth 的名言）。( B6 h1 |, s5 M: A3 ]# I
{8 N9 J4 E/ v# J（2）结构
4 l& @& x2 a7 p7 h) a我之前分享了一份20分钟科学演讲的提纲：
2 Z& Z& s1 ^$ w9 i, T6 {http://www.joyocean.org/viewthread.php?tid=1789&extra=page%3D1
4 W i$ [+ z# M' a* I! C3 m) W以“讲故事”为目标，修改后的最终版本PPT的结构变成了：% {9 c- A3 k& _- Q) Y! u
1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
4 F) ~0 p) h0 R y- {, L$ k6 ~ 2. Motivation (1 slide)
0 D4 t- A. w: E7 a) @ 3. Background (1 slide)9 Z4 R% }+ t* j. f* x6 M' S# M. W
4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
9 L; r p; |4 k 5. Results (8 slides) s# W W! T) H% l
6. Conclusion (1 slide)( w8 e; }$ k) J* U% K3 u. C
7. Future Work (1 slide): F; z8 k% t* @- `2 G4 z) c
8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
# H& G% Y, `7 O6 P8 E+ u3 M/ y 9. Backup Slides
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% z1 D" L0 t' j几点我觉得比较重要的改变包括：- u& w8 R8 f; F9 r5 V
a. 删除 Forcast & Outline，这是为了更快的进入“故事”；其实所有与故事无关的都应当删去。
/ `9 N* p' y! u. pb. 缩减 Background，删减后的这个部分只有一张slide，只包括“故事”中必须要用到的概念。
; U& a# w) P' w0 ~c. 增加 Hypothesis，这个部分有点像文章的 Introduction，与最后的Conclusion对应，介绍这个研究的科学问题。! N1 U* d6 Q1 A: j, h
d. 加大 Results 的份额，这个就不用多说了吧。“讲故事”就在这里。当然了，我发现真正在准备的时候还是很费时的，因为要注意顺序问题，怎样能一张一张有逻辑的将故事说圆了，让大家都没有疑惑。
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) [- V6 d& e) F& H) _（3）讲故事
1 N2 a& k8 E) M: W8 S4 I! u) ~也就是 Results 部分，也是报告真正的核心内容。与写文章不同的是，因为时间限制，细节问题不需要讨论；这样才能将重要的内容凸显出来。图多字少不用公式也是给短报告的一个原则。
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) r$ A( x- K" P7 e0 D（4）风格, B8 Z7 w. F7 i. k& a3 \2 D' p
我的第一个版本的每一张 Slide 都包括了进度条和姓名时间，后来在林老师的建议下删掉了。这是因为要“努力使听众集中注意力听故事”。
. r% Z" e1 Q& R' b# B3 h同样，制作 PPT 还有很多细节问题，有些关乎个人风格。目标当然是要显得“Professional”了。下面是林老师在帮我修改 PPT 时的一些建议，在这里与大家分享一下：: k8 |- n9 w. [
a. 字体: Aria narrow.
4 V. K3 j/ y8 J1 B/ J5 ~ 字体大小: title 32, subtitle 28 etc., not smaller than 18
# ]% \. W8 S( l' ?+ i1 vb.深色底色加上浅色（比如白&黄色）的字4 H3 `1 _1 Z; |7 Z' a
c. 不要过分展示别人的结果，专注于讲自己的故事。& R1 `7 p3 f; R: h1 F: R
6 V( G8 f) M: A, H6 b: J2 x（5）画图
9 a; i5 ?2 I8 s因为图片在报告的重要性，PPT 中的每一张图都要重新画过，推荐用 png 格式。我用 AI 将 pdf 转成 png 格式，同时要注意分辨率，字体大小的问题。下面链接是个很详细的说明：
. W5 Z- @6 {) H \www.52ocean.cn# Q% V$ a; b. u
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Ref：www.52ocean.cn
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