收藏本站 劰载中...网站公告 | 吾爱海洋论坛交流QQ群:835383472

如何20分钟做出科研报告?

[复制链接]
正参考的20分钟科学报告提纲:
, s3 n$ M7 T, }& l  G3 c0 K4 K    1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
8 u/ x/ `3 ?0 I) ^. Y5 L    2. Forecast (1 slide): Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)* a5 |; j3 o6 v0 D
    3. Outline (1 slide): Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)
& Y7 a0 g% ^3 a$ g    4. Background6 R7 p3 r( z' z; W7 N
        4-1. Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides):(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.): R0 [2 I. o! d4 G. S0 v
        4-2. Related Work (0-1 slides): Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper." E6 ]' s, U% Y$ d: R( \
        4-3. Methods (1 slide): Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper.1 b" \) ]# ^0 h7 `3 b# Y1 l1 `
    5. Results (4-6 slides): Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)
7 y: u5 `# m; K; {    6. Summary (1 slide)0 X' t9 M* I- N
    7. Future Work (0-1 slides):Optionally give problems this research opens up.
& o0 E) ?6 A! X* U# I( f    8. Backup Slides (0-3 slides): Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.)
! s* |: Z( b% r. R9 P0 V: b4 y
5 R* h2 O! J" D/ R1 z' k简洁版:
    1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)4 _3 d% |+ A8 \1 Q2 H* T3 ^
    2. Motivation (1 slide). F; A6 K& {4 T  e
    3. Background (1 slide)8 p- s* v7 f  G' F4 T" l: i$ ?
    4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
& Z4 {. v! T& j8 F5 p9 w4 d& A    5. Results (8 slides)/ B+ Z/ u2 t9 j
    6. Conclusion (1 slide)
4 j" F" p) U% C0 }    7. Future Work (1 slide)
: z8 w- Z2 z1 e0 ]1 y    8. Acknowledgements (1slide). [% V+ Y. p7 Z, q! k  o  T
    9. Backup Slides
# E( ~; ?8 l, W$ V0 Q0 h: l

# j' O8 P, P4 h* ~举个例子:5 o/ _7 S6 j& `7 Q7 {) \' {$ f

$ }  W! m2 M; F(1)原则
$ m. U$ m- l! n+ Q1 Y! s首先,引用 A PhD is not enough 中的话:
( T: S: o: A9 H9 c( X5 ]; N4 TAs the speaker you are putting on a one-man show. Your listeners are investigating an hour of their valuable time... They expect to hear a good story, with a beginning, a middle and an end...
: `. S; k7 q& g( [8 f... Never over-estimate your audience...
: D: B. r' H, _0 p: e$ c" \是的,要讲一个“故事”,因为大家都喜欢听故事,无厘头在这里就不靠谱了。而且要尽量讲得简单易懂,化繁为简,林老师也说“如果学术报告能够让老妈也能听懂,就是成功”(据说是 Don Forsyth 的名言)。
/ t6 _% v. D5 B0 D
- E$ h& l+ p: g, ~9 l( B1 G. v9 x(2)结构
' T) i% V" ]( f8 @" ~3 b& W8 w我之前分享了一份20分钟科学演讲的提纲:4 b! C4 }  E2 V# \) z" [8 P
http://www.joyocean.org/viewthread.php?tid=1789&extra=page%3D1
3 W+ P; @6 r  h* x1 b以“讲故事”为目标,修改后的最终版本PPT的结构变成了:+ G! w, Q- o: Y1 h- l2 o8 D% A* k
    1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
. a5 Z" v3 v# ^9 ~    2. Motivation (1 slide)
) O8 F- c) z3 o7 ~' f    3. Background (1 slide); W! ~' \4 n9 N/ `! G( C
    4. Hypothesis (1 slide)8 g+ ~6 ]# s3 C
    5. Results (8 slides)+ z) v  L( Q! B: F; X" w* |/ m. \
    6. Conclusion (1 slide)
  Y1 K' E& k1 r9 R" T# L8 H; m    7. Future Work (1 slide)& ~4 |1 C* a! a4 `& v$ P
    8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
( _' J5 a$ q2 e# [4 {  j5 H0 h9 U    9. Backup Slides4 M5 i3 l' L1 C7 U; p. q3 k3 x% \9 O
; e% m/ G! u) j( E% \  H/ |
几点我觉得比较重要的改变包括:1 Z; S+ z8 c- \7 I# s
a. 删除 Forcast & Outline,这是为了更快的进入“故事”;其实所有与故事无关的都应当删去。
5 ~' ?# F8 C$ Y# sb. 缩减 Background,删减后的这个部分只有一张slide,只包括“故事”中必须要用到的概念。
5 T7 n6 B; j. b+ ^, @) v' Vc. 增加 Hypothesis,这个部分有点像文章的 Introduction,与最后的Conclusion对应,介绍这个研究的科学问题。" J3 O" B! l( X; {7 M; N( `: j
d. 加大 Results 的份额,这个就不用多说了吧。“讲故事”就在这里。当然了,我发现真正在准备的时候还是很费时的,因为要注意顺序问题,怎样能一张一张有逻辑的将故事说圆了,让大家都没有疑惑。
! a4 c7 B* h. ~/ j# I5 x
, Y. f/ B5 I. i(3)讲故事
+ b: l$ U# S. g也就是 Results 部分,也是报告真正的核心内容。与写文章不同的是,因为时间限制,细节问题不需要讨论;这样才能将重要的内容凸显出来。图多字少不用公式也是给短报告的一个原则。
7 L3 y# h( X9 }- K8 n
) S: h1 `9 e1 C  {( f(4)风格9 V$ O& R# d  P" H
我的第一个版本的每一张 Slide 都包括了进度条和姓名时间,后来在林老师的建议下删掉了。这是因为要“努力使听众集中注意力听故事”。
( k1 Z$ a- e4 A同样,制作 PPT 还有很多细节问题,有些关乎个人风格。目标当然是要显得“Professional”了。下面是林老师在帮我修改 PPT 时的一些建议,在这里与大家分享一下:
( a1 L+ E! Y; K4 u: E9 u/ g" S% Ia. 字体: Aria narrow.
: _2 A2 G* Y7 F- [3 d$ `4 f; Z! x   
字体大小: title 32, subtitle 28 etc., not smaller than 18
8 u- ^# o. C( m& f
b.深色底色加上浅色(比如白&黄色)的字
( b6 y& D* E2 p) h8 [+ s3 w$ Rc. 不要过分展示别人的结果,专注于讲自己的故事
$ G5 `9 j8 K, I; V+ I, P: m0 h7 i* q1 c; _4 q
(5)画图
5 Y% Y+ B7 O/ M因为图片在报告的重要性,PPT 中的每一张图都要重新画过,推荐用 png 格式。我用 AI 将 pdf 转成 png 格式,同时要注意分辨率,字体大小的问题。下面链接是个很详细的说明:2 n9 h+ O6 P+ Z
www.52ocean.cn+ L  k3 Q6 \/ X7 J( Q
: Q0 [8 q7 l* ]/ \( w. e
Ref:www.52ocean.cn4 w% |/ G: p& C, h; y! I9 {

, q+ L% y" f% n  q$ i, N( q  v, x/ d9 S! j
' t7 D8 A3 ]* a
回复

举报 使用道具

相关帖子

全部回帖
暂无回帖,快来参与回复吧
懒得打字?点击右侧快捷回复 【吾爱海洋论坛发文有奖】
您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册
oceaner
活跃在2026-1-19
快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表