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7 x& q# a* c4 a% D; z 原标题:如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害,看看智利交出的答卷! 5 c0 u. e% k4 O% s
. }2 {, k4 z b1 o3 p 2022年第11期招生刚刚结束,部分班级还可以插班,详情请点击:招生简章|"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天! 4 L) J! O5 I7 X9 h4 q& \7 A5 i

. L1 c5 j# r: ?" X# v7 v A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships. ! K6 c3 v3 Y0 n5 v$ P( _. q2 G
智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置,该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据,以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。 9 E' y& j+ n0 x- U: G/ g5 r

) `/ }0 Z8 x' y- P# ?" V The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. 7 S2 y* G% n& m8 v+ K6 c% E! i: h
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。
# X. y6 j* s0 h9 O! l The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other.
A( t# g, G+ D1 E1 o6 G$ s( i 该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。
, a" j6 }7 f7 r1 {" A The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt. - Y8 p- P+ \% g, Z! e( o# j4 E# O
这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图,并进行狩猎。
- {; D' |- W7 H/ r1 Q! J$ X The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are.
5 R7 t4 y2 ]9 o' k0 v3 {5 y 这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理,以努力确定动物的位置。
* H! {) f% { [4 x( m This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales. / X( ]. Y, e4 A% P2 r0 I" o1 t- w
这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商,以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。 " w; P+ k% Y: W0 ?" l
A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place. $ F! P! Z6 U! F$ f p7 ~
该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。
6 Y! t$ v( X" f" \5 Y The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies.
1 r( o! J$ B3 E# ]$ I 该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具,为航运公司提供预警系统。
+ U/ B) \+ U) E: ?& O; s In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change.
- r% [- o: V s* G Z: O% w+ F 除了帮助保护鲸鱼,“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。
8 u2 x$ H" N3 @' L2 K The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator.
. z4 U1 e, }$ F8 i3 h+ t 该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。 + ~$ [# S) [* Q( r( {% q
The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales.
! ?6 x" Z0 F, c% P7 m+ k 科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富,包括大量的蓝鲸,以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。 6 t% b" \2 o* f2 M

) j0 D R& U* L3 W5 E All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act. $ P/ u- A/ T* R9 X5 k
根据《濒危物种法》,所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。 & H* l6 q( C% _2 j% Z) [) z
The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere. - E, L8 H: v5 e! T, F* ?" C3 o/ y
该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。
2 x$ \$ c) _! T, b* \ g7 K In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes. . E0 p3 J% B1 W
2008年,智利禁止捕鲸活动,包括用于科学目的捕鲸。
0 j/ G1 ]- S1 E9 o& }8 ~ The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species.
4 q2 f! y, Q7 ^7 q1 @' { 该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。
) |1 u' ^+ V9 y/ h2 i "This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative.
* T% U. k! w6 ^7 W, \8 A “这是一条更漫长道路的开始,”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。 ; n* y, u3 c g" J8 b Y% H
She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys. 8 Y; I: z. f5 z
她指出,她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。
4 M. h& z* h% v "The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
4 I1 P/ B1 \2 r* F “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。 3 _8 |" n' y) d& k' }
The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO). P7 h; q1 I0 O" g, J$ w
该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。 6 A$ v5 L8 u. y# E7 G% |
The device continuously monitors ocean sounds.
6 F; [( _6 T8 d1 D* s 该设备持续监测海洋声音。
E3 z# k9 }6 y- m3 a! d It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time.
, G5 g; Q- U1 |- C, N/ W* F 它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。 / n9 u! l, }' p# @
It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes.
4 f0 ]8 u- c2 d, n 然后它会向附近的船只发送信息,这样他们就可以降低噪音水平,尽量避免碰撞。 0 U/ m/ V7 G1 h% b" v
The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change. 3 ] t0 f$ {1 {1 `! F8 W9 l
浮标还包含传感器,用来测量水温、氧气水平等,以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。
0 O2 T& v1 I* g That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies.
1 P4 S$ T- j! I 这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。
9 ~0 E- }9 ]3 [& P- ?& h. B In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast.
1 B+ O( [* e: _4 F+ R 在美国,科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。 ' B' g( G7 S2 I+ \8 B$ o

: D" \9 d5 L: i" D' o/ k7 G That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales.
( U7 l$ l' ~6 i2 n. s 这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。 4 V9 ]; ~1 ~+ v" `; b) }) I
2022年第11期招生刚刚结束,部分班级还可以插班,详情请点击:招生简章|"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天!
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